What are heart rate zones for?
Heart rate zones divide exercise intensity into five levels. They help distinguish recovery, endurance, tempo, threshold, and very hard efforts, even when elevation makes pace per kilometre difficult to interpret.
Calculate your heart rate zones to pace easy runs, climbs, and hard workouts more effectively. Choose a calculation based on maximum heart rate or the Karvonen method, which also accounts for resting heart rate.
Heart rate zones divide exercise intensity into five levels. They help distinguish recovery, endurance, tempo, threshold, and very hard efforts, even when elevation makes pace per kilometre difficult to interpret.
The maximum heart rate method applies a percentage directly to your maximum. Karvonen applies that percentage to your heart rate reserve, calculated between resting and maximum heart rate, making it more individualised.
Your heart rate can rise on a climb while your pace falls. Use zones as a guide, then combine them with breathing, perceived effort, heat, altitude, and muscular fatigue.
Maximum heart rate used
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Method
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| Zone | Range | Use |
|---|---|---|
| Zone 1 — Recovery | - | Warm-ups, recovery, and very easy effort. |
| Zone 2 — Endurance | - | Aerobic endurance and easy long runs. |
| Zone 3 — Tempo | - | Steady, controlled effort on runnable terrain. |
| Zone 4 — Threshold | - | Sustained climbs and demanding intervals. |
| Zone 5 — Maximum | - | Short, very intense efforts. |
Example: with a maximum heart rate of 190 bpm, Zone 2 based on maximum heart rate is between 114 and 132 bpm.
These zones are training estimates, not a medical diagnosis. A maximum heart rate measured during an appropriate test is more reliable than an age-based formula. Seek medical advice if you have pain, feel unwell, have a health condition, or are returning after a long break.
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